Sweat & body odour
Why it happens: Body oils and proteins build up in synthetic fibres, especially at the waistband and seat, and hold on to odour.
Steps
- Rinse inside out in cold water as soon as possible after training.
- Soak 30 minutes in cold water with an enzyme (bio) detergent.
- Wash at 30 °C inside out on a synthetics cycle, using the full detergent dose — not extra.
- Air dry completely before storing.
Avoid
- Hot water, which sets protein stains.
- Fabric softener, which coats fibres and traps odour.
Deodorant & antiperspirant marks
Why it happens: Aluminium salts and waxes leave white streaks and, over time, stiff yellowish build-up.
Steps
- For fresh white streaks, rub the area against itself or with a dry nylon sock — they often lift without water.
- For build-up, work a drop of liquid detergent into the area with your fingertips.
- Soak 30 minutes in cold water with enzyme detergent.
- Wash cool inside out and check the area before drying.
Avoid
- Chlorine bleach — it reacts with the residue and yellows elastane.
- Scrubbing with a brush on smooth fabric.
Sunscreen
Why it happens: Oils plus UV filters such as avobenzone can react with iron in tap water and turn into orange-brown marks in the wash.
Steps
- Blot off excess; do not rub it in.
- Apply a drop of washing-up liquid (dish soap) and work it in gently to break down the oil.
- Leave for 10 minutes, then rinse with cold water from the back of the fabric.
- Wash cool and inspect before drying. Repeat if a shadow remains.
Avoid
- Chlorine bleach, which can make sunscreen stains darker.
- The dryer before the mark is fully gone.
Foundation & makeup
Why it happens: Most foundation is oil-based with pigment, so it needs a degreaser before washing.
Steps
- Lift dry powder off with a clean brush or tape.
- Dab micellar water or a drop of dish soap on the mark with a cotton pad.
- Rinse from the back with cold water.
- Wash cool with your normal detergent.
Avoid
- Makeup remover wipes rubbed hard across the surface.
Self-tanner
Why it happens: Self-tanners use DHA, which dyes the outer skin layer — and can dye fabric the same way once it develops.
Steps
- Act before the tan develops: rinse with cold water immediately.
- Work in dish soap or liquid detergent and rinse again.
- For colourfast or white leggings, soak in an oxygen-based stain remover following its label.
- Wash cool; repeat the soak if needed.
Avoid
- Hot water, which speeds up the colour reaction.
- Oxygen bleach on garments whose label shows a crossed triangle.
Body oil, massage oil & food grease
Why it happens: Synthetic fibres attract oils, so grease can bind tightly and darken the fabric.
Steps
- Blot excess with paper towel.
- Cover with cornstarch or talc for 15 minutes to draw out oil, then brush away.
- Work in a drop of dish soap and leave for 10 minutes.
- Wash at the warmest temperature the label allows (often 30–40 °C).
Avoid
- Drying before the stain is gone — heat sets oil.
Blood (including period stains)
Why it happens: Blood is a protein stain: warm water cooks it into the fibres.
Steps
- Rinse immediately with cold water from the back of the stain.
- Rub gently with a little enzyme detergent or plain soap.
- Soak 30 minutes in cold water with enzyme detergent if a mark remains.
- Wash cold or at 30 °C.
Avoid
- Hot water and the dryer until the stain is gone.
Grass
Why it happens: Grass combines plant pigment and proteins, so it needs enzymes rather than heat.
Steps
- Pre-treat with enzyme detergent and work it in gently.
- Leave for 15–30 minutes.
- For white or colourfast leggings, use an oxygen-based stain remover if a green shadow remains.
- Wash cool inside out.
Avoid
- Rubbing with alcohol on dyed or printed fabric.
Mud & dirt
Why it happens: Wet mud spreads into the knit; dry mud mostly brushes off.
Steps
- Let the mud dry completely.
- Brush or shake off as much as possible.
- Pre-treat what remains with liquid detergent.
- Wash cool inside out with a full rinse.
Avoid
- Rubbing wet mud deeper into the fabric.
Coffee, tea & chocolate
Why it happens: Tannins and fats: rinse first, then use detergent.
Steps
- Rinse from the back with cold water.
- Work in liquid detergent; for chocolate or milky drinks use enzyme detergent.
- Leave for 10–15 minutes and rinse.
- Wash cool.
Avoid
- Plain hot water and soap bars that can set tannin stains.
Red wine & berries
Why it happens: Natural pigments set quickly but respond well to cold rinsing and oxygen-based removers.
Steps
- Blot, then flush with cold water from the back.
- Work in liquid detergent.
- For colourfast or white leggings, soak in an oxygen-based stain remover according to its label.
- Wash cool and check before drying.
Avoid
- Salt rubbed into the fabric — it can abrade the surface.
Ballpoint ink
Why it happens: Ink is dye in a solvent base; it needs a solvent, used sparingly.
Steps
- Place paper towel under the stain.
- Test isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol on a hidden area first.
- Dab the ink with a cotton pad dampened with alcohol; replace the pad as it picks up colour.
- Rinse, then wash cool.
Avoid
- Alcohol or nail-polish remover on shiny, coated or foil finishes.
- Spreading the ink by rubbing outward.
For this fabric — Nylon or polyester with elastane: Cold to 30 °C, inside out, gentle cycle. Enzyme detergent and dish soap are both safe on most nylon and polyester blends.
For this fabric — White or very light colour: White synthetics turn grey or yellow from residue rather than dirt. An occasional oxygen-bleach soak (if the label allows bleach) and an extra rinse keep them bright.
For this fabric — Shiny, wet-look, foil or coated: Spot-treat with mild detergent only. No solvents, no oxygen bleach unless the label allows it, no scrubbing and no heat. Wash in a mesh bag on delicates.
For this fabric — Brushed, peached or fleece-lined: Blot and press instead of rubbing to avoid pilling. Wash inside out with similar soft fabrics, never with towels or Velcro.
For this fabric — Cotton with elastane: Cotton absorbs stains deeper but tolerates gentle brushing. Keep within the label temperature to protect the elastane.
Before drying, check the stain in daylight. Heat from a dryer or radiator can make any remaining mark permanent.